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Squamous cell carcinoma
(Standard)
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is the most common tumor of the digits in
dogs. The "Black" Standard Poodle appears to be predisposed and is
considered one of the breeds at highest risk for SCC. Tumors in many dogs were
preceded by chronic nail-bed infections. In the "Black" Standard Poodle,
multiple digits may be involved over a course of 2 to 4 years. The tumors are slow
growing but locally invasive, with tendensy to invade underlying bone by direct
extension and to spread proximally, invading adjacent phalanges, metacarpal, or
metatarsal bones. Amputation is necessary to prevent SCC from spreading to adjacent
lymph nodes and major organs. The average age of onset is 8 to 12 years, but
Standard Poodles as young as 4 have been reported.
The cause of digital timors is unknown, although trauma and contact with
carcinogenic compounds have been proposed. It is also not known why the
"Black" Standard Poodle seems to be at risk and not the other colors.
The two other breeds at highest risk are the Black Lab and Giant Schnauzer.
Some symptoms of digital SCC may include lameness, ulceration, breaking or
splitting of nails, chronic infection, bleeding from a toe, or a lump. On X-ray,
"lysis" or bone erosion is evident about 80% of the time. Prognosis for
dogs without lymph node involvement is considered good. In dogs with regional lymph
node metastasis, lymph node excision or limb amputation should be considered.
A Registry has been set up for Standard Poodles diagnosed with SCC of the digit.
The goal is to gather information and raise awareness of digital tumors in Black
Standard Poodle. The registry is open to all Standard Poodles, living or deceased.
The registry was started by Lynn Wilkes of Peterborough, after her 5 years old
"Black" Standard Poodle had three toes amputated in 1999. Information on
digital tumors was woefully lacking, and she wanted to do something about it.
All information supplied is guaranteed confidential. Dr. John Armstrong,
Geneticist, at the University of Ottawa has agreed to analyse the collected data.
Along with Dr. John Armstrong, Dr. Steven Kruth of the University of Guelph is a
consultant for the project.
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You can contact Lynn at:
lynn@poodletoecancer.com
Website
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